How the new coronavirus mutates and whether it will be more dangerous over time?
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The World learned about the existence of SARS-CoV-2 only three month ago, but scientists have made some assumptions about where it came from and why it is behaving aggressively. One of the few good news amid the raging pandemic is that by its nature is a separate coronaviruses destroy easily. Each viral particle consists of a small set of genes encased in a fatty sheath, which is easily destroyed with soap, 20 seconds of thorough washing of hands and the virus is gone. Also the results of numerous studies have shown that the new survival is not more than one day on the cardboard and about two to three days on metal surfaces and plastics. In other words, CoVID-19 – a parasite, who need hosts to live and reproduce. But whether it can mutate and if so, how?
New coronavirus is a mystery to scientists
In our dedicated to one of the most important scientific discoveries 2020 – proof natural origin of the novel coronavirus we talked in detail about how the virus enters the host organism. The shape of the coronavirus – a sphere with thorns (the crown) that recognize and attach to a protein called ACE2, which is on the surface of our cells. This contact is the first step to the development of disease. Neat and precise the outlines of the spikes of SARS-CoV-2 virus is much harder to stick to ACE2 than its closest relatives are SARS and MERS. Today, researchers do not exclude that it really is crucial in the transmission of coronavirus from person to person.
There is another important feature. Spikes in the early stages not only define the exterior surface of the cells and “hack” them, successfully making his way inside. According to scientists, as it is one of the most unusual characteristics of the new virus. However, it may mean that further mutations may not be.
So CoVID-19 looks under the microscope
For Example, most respiratory viruses tend to infect either the upper or lower respiratory tract. Typically the upper respiratory infection spreads easier, but is softer, while a lower respiratory infection is passed more difficult but transferred heavier. The new coronavirus, apparently, infects both the upper and lower respiratory tract. This double blow may also explain why the virus is spreading between people before symptoms appear: the new coronavirus is transmitted is still in the upper Airways, and when it descends to the bottom, develops pneumonia. However, most of the biology of SARS-CoV-2 .
Upper respiratory tract - nasal and oral cavity, nasopharynx, pharynx
the Lower respiratory tract - the larynx, trachea, bronchi,
How things have changed and will change CoVID-19?
Since the beginning of the pandemic virus has not undergone any significant changes. It mutates in the same way as all viruses. But more than 100 mutations have been documented, none has become dominant. The virus is remarkably stable, considering how many transfers we see today. Thus no evolutionary pressure on the virus not – he is so perfectly piped. But this does not mean that . So, a few samples of the virus SARS-CoV-2 isolated from infected Singapore residents, there is a portion of genes that also disappeared from SARS – severe acute respiratory syndrome – in the later stages of the epidemic in 2003. However, the reasons for which some coronaviruses deadly, and others do not, remain unclear.
Pandemic is bad, but it won't last forever
As a rule, most of the viruses with which mankind is familiar, have the same goal . So, the death of the infected host the virus does not bring anything but defeat – the virus dies with the host. The cause of death is the body's immune response – sometimes the immune system fights an aggressive pathogen that it causes damage to healthy tissues. Roughly speaking, the immune system becomes a lot more dangerous than the virus itself. Yale school of medicine, any virus needs time to adapt to a new host. When viruses first test us, they know not what they do, and therefore prone to cause unusual reactions of the body and cause death.
Mutate whether the new coronavirus, meanwhile, remains unknown. Given the speed of its spread, its main purpose is reproduction achieved. Therefore, we can assume that CoVID-19 is unlikely to mutate into a very dangerous strain with a high mortality rate. Most likely, after a time, and even SARS-CoV-2 is not going anywhere. Many scientists believe that the virus will circulate among the population as a normal cold and seasonal flu. However, after a large part of the population have been ill CoVID-19, he will no longer pose such a danger.
Coronavirus has already mutated in two different ways, but what's next?
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