What is the difference between a pandemic and an epidemic?
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Let's not forget that the history of mankind is a history of response to viruses
The New coronavirus is sweeping the planet. Just recently, the world Health Organization (who) outbreak 2019-nCoV extraordinary international situation. For this reason, it's time to talk about what the epidemic is and how it differs from a pandemic. Let's start with the fact that the word "pandemic" comes from Greek "Pandemos", which means "to belong to all people." Pandemic — it's the outbreak on a global scale. On the occurrence of a pandemic, say when a new bacterium or a virus become capable of rapid spread and affect a lot of people around the world.
What is an epidemic?
An Epidemic is specific to a city, region or country and is caused when the number of cases exceeds the expected number within the same country or part of it. If the infection is widespread in several countries at the same time, it could turn into a pandemic.
What causes a pandemic?
The Most common cause is a new strain or subtype of virus that is easily transmitted from person to person. Sometimes pandemic caused by a new ability of disease to spread rapidly, as in the case of outbreak of plague in the 17th century. A pandemic occurs when a new strain mutates, causing it acquires the ability to spread from person to person easily and quickly. Seasonal outbreaks (or epidemics) generally caused by subtypes of the virus that is already circulating among us. A pandemic is usually caused by new subtypes of viruses. These subtypes have not previously been distributed to people. Moreover, the pandemic affects more people and can be more lethal than the epidemic. It can also lead to social disruption, economic losses and difficulties in General.
Every year in Russia and in the world occurs flu epidemic. Most importantly — time to get vaccinated!
After the occurrence and spread of a pandemic, people develop immunity. Then the subtype of the virus can circulate among people for several years, which could lead to sporadic epidemics (e.g., influenza). Organizations such as the who and the Centers for control and prevention of diseases (CDC), monitor the behavior and movement .
the Most well-known pandemics and epidemics in human history
the-
the
- Justiniana plague: 540 — 541 ad the
- Black death (black plague): 1346-1350
- Spanish flu (H1N1): 1918-1920 the
- the Flu (H2N2): 1957-1958 the
- Hong Kong flu: 1968-1969 the
- Bird flu (H1N1): 2009
Cholera: 1899-1923 years. the
The Spanish flu Pandemic from 1918 to 1920 has claimed 100 million lives, and it is considered the worst in history. Today one of the main problems is of some bacteria to antibiotics and the increased incidence of transmission of viruses from animals to humans, as was the case with the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and Ebola 2019-nCoV.
Overcrowded hospitals during the Spanish flu pandemic
The Pandemic in the modern world can be a source of a large number of problems. The fact that the virus appeared much more opportunities to spread than in the past. Moreover, the occurrence of panic when people try to leave the epicentre of the outbreak, may lead to further spread of the disease. Production of vaccines can take months or years, because pandemic viruses are new agents. Medical institutions will be overwhelmed and may lack the staff to provide emergency care as the pandemic, and for other reasons. Despite significant advances in medicine, epidemiologists consider that the emergence of the pandemic only . I hope their predictions will be incorrect.
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