Editor CRISPR genome for the first time helped to destroy the dormant form of the herpes virus
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herpes Virus soon it will be possible to win forever
The herpes simplex Virus is quite tricky. It enters the body through the mucous membranes — mouth, nose, genitals, and quickly sets «viral life shelter» inside nerve cells. After initial infection, the virus hides in dormant state only to periodically Wake up, causing the appearance of bubbles on various parts of the body. And some people have the consequences of defeat by the herpes virus can be devastating — from the abundant rash on the skin to blindness and inflammation of the brain. Therefore, to deal with such a dangerous opponent, as herpes is very important. And .
How CRISPR can beat herpes?
According to the world Health Organization, more than two thirds of the world's population are carriers of herpes simplex virus (HSV). While the majority of infections are asymptomatic, some people with HSV can cause serious damage. For example, there may be infection of eyes, it will develop a condition known as herpetic keratitis, which leads to blindness. In people with weakened immune systems HSV can cause inflammation of the brain. In newborns, the virus can cause a variety of systemic diseases and inflammation of the brain and can also lead to death.
Available antiviral drugs can prevent re-flash, but they are not always effective, so for decades researchers have sought a solution that could destroy the virus forever. Now, using cells of human fibroblasts infected with herpes simplex virus, researchers from Harvard Medical school have successfully used the editor of the genome of CRISPR-Cas9 for the destruction of not only actively replicating virus, but also much more «remote» dormant forms of herpes.
This is an exciting first step — one that assumes that you can permanently eliminate «lifelong infections». But we still have much to do before the work is completed. — the study's lead author David Nayp, Professor of Microbiology and molecular genetics from Harvard Medical school.
It is Noteworthy that the study represents the first successful example of the destruction of the so-called latent viral reservoirs by editing the genes. Latent reservoirs is known to be immune to antiviral drugs, but they were also hard to access for editing genes.
Experiments with the editor of the genome revealed a number of mechanisms by which the actively proliferating virus becomes vulnerable to CRISPR. In particular, managed to learn that the DNA of actively replicating virus are exposed to the enzyme Cas9 («molecular scissors», primary CRISPR) at the time of the emergence of new viral copies. This is because actively proliferating viruses have less protective proteins called histones. How do you feel about CRISPR-creapie? Don't consider it a threat? Write about it in our .
New results offer a model system for using editor of genes «localized way» to break active virus replication in certain places. Thus, after the possibility of «slice» the virus was found for the active form, it can be applied to dormant copies of the virus.
Scientists say that if you want to cure, for example, infected cornea, you can use directly in the nerve cells of the cornea, where and are the viruses, how-to «scrubbing» them out. People who have recurrent herpetic keratitis of the cornea, starting to go blind after a while as a result of inflammation. The advantage of localized editing of genes is that it is possible to avoid some common side effects that could unintentionally change the DNA of cells other than those for which it was sent to the edit.
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