What is the temperature in space?
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In outer space will not help either shorts or coat — boring special costume
All of us from childhood knows that in African countries usually dominates the hot weather, but Antarctica is always cold. But have you ever thought ever about how warm or cold in outer space? Temperature is the movement of molecules, which consist of all material objects — the faster you move these tiny particles, the object is hot. In space there are no particles and it is considered vacuum space, the concept of "temperature" to him is completely irrelevant. However, to answer to many people still exist, scientists claim that the temperature of the space is "absolute zero". But does this mean that spaceships do not heat the space up to high temperatures and there is always relatively good weather? I can't believe it, so let's deal.
Weather in space
In a nutshell, the "absolute zero" is the lowest temperature possible in the Universe, there's nowhere colder. In Celsius, this indicator is equal to -273,15 degrees. At this temperature the atoms which are the smallest particles of all the elements completely cease to move. In the open space of the molecule is, but very few of them, so that they practically do not interact with each other. There is no movement, and it is a clear sign of "absolute zero", more about which it is written
Interesting fact: the coldest temperature on our planet was recorded in 1983 on the territory of Antarctica. Then the thermometer dropped to -89,15 degrees Celsius
the Extreme conditions of space
So, according to scientists, in space the temperature is -273,15 degrees Celsius. But this does not mean that everything entering the space objects instantly attain the same temperature. As on the surface of our planet, spaceships, satellites and other objects can be heated and cooled, and to extreme levels. But heat transfer in space is possible only in one way.
Generally, there are three ways of heat transfer:
the-
the
- conductivity which can be observed by heating a metal rod — if you heat one end, over time will become hot and the opposite part; the
- convection which can be observed when warm air moves from one room to another; the
- radiation emitted when space objects are elementary particles, like photons (particles of light), electrons and protons combine, forming a moving particle.
As you may have guessed, in space objects are heated under the influence of the activity of elementary particles — after all, we have found that temperature is a result of movements of molecules? Photons and other elementary particles emitted by the Sun and other space objects.
How strongly and quickly will be heated or cooled trapped in space objects depends on their location relative to the stars and planets, the size, shape and so on. For example, flying in space, the spacecraft will be literally red-hot from the Sun, and his shadow side will be very cold. The farther the ship is from the heavenly bodies — the greater will be the difference in the degree of heating.
When building a spacecraft, it is important to take into account the extreme changes of temperature
The international space station is constantly exposed to sunlight. The side that is facing the Sun, heats up to 260 degrees Celsius. Shadow side, in turn, cooled to 100 degrees Celsius. The crew of the space station sometimes you have to go to the surface and be subject to sudden temperature shifts. So their suits are equipped with heating and cooling, through which space researchers feel relatively comfortable.
The farther from the Sun located space objects, so they are colder. For example, the temperature on Pluto, which is located very far away, is equal to -240 degrees Celsius. And the coldest place in the Universe is in the boomerang nebula — the temperature in this region is equal to -272 degrees Celsius.
In General, if you are ever in a fantastic way, will be in open space, you'll need a suit, inside which the temperature will be adjusted automatically. But abrupt changes of temperature is not the only issue that will wait for you. In outer space, the human body suffers many changes, which can be read .
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