Scientists have discovered a new species of a black hole
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According to the study published in the journal , scientists may have found the smallest black hole ever discovered. This was possible thanks to a new technique, which combines several sets of data. Researchers believe that the black hole is about 3.3 times more massive than the Sun and is in a binary system J05215658, which is located at a distance of about 10,000 light years from the outer edge of the disk of the milky way. Although to confirm low-mass black hole more research is required, there is a probability that this object is part of a mysterious class of small . These objects were not discovered in the past, as no one knew exactly how to look for them.
Can there be small black holes?
Most of the observed black holes about 5-15 times more massive than the Sun, but this does not mean that all black holes in the Universe this size. Partly the fact that massive and supermassive black holes are much easier to detect. When these objects orbit stars in binary systems, we attract material from its satellites. This process of accretion emits x-ray radiation, which can be seen in telescopes.
Small black holes that are only two to five times more massive than the Sun, provided that they exist, do not seem to produce this x-ray signature that makes these invisible to scientists. When a star becomes a supernova, the subsequent evolution of the star is determined by its mass. Small stars become neutron stars — the densest objects in the Universe , while big stars quanta collapse into the dark black holes. However, researchers can't tell how massive should the star be to become a black hole. It is not excluded that there was an intermediate process in which the star temporarily becomes a neutron star, and then evolyutsioniruet into a black hole.
the Most mysterious objects in the Universe may be portals to other Universes.
Scientists wanted to find out whether there is anything in common between the most massive known neutron stars (whose mass is about 2.1 times the mass of the Sun) and the least massive , weighing not more than five solar masses.
To fill this gap, a team of researchers has carried out a screening of observing some 100,000 stars in the milky Way using an experiment on the evolution of galaxies Observatory Apache point (APOGEE). Scientists have searched for signs in binary systems with black holes is almost the same as some researchers exoplanets looking for worlds around other stars. Watching how the stars influence of gravity from nearby objects, the team narrowed the search down to several hundred candidates, which may be satellites. The researchers then used data from the automated shooting supernovae (ASAS-SN) for further search for the right system. The result of combining two sets of data, scientists found the star. As writes the edition , the new method was incredibly effective in finding previously unseen objects.
figure illustrating the gap in mass between neutron stars and black holes
Despite the fact that according to the most probable estimates, weight equal 3.3 the mass of the Sun, researchers do not exclude that the object J05215658 can potentially be about five times more massive than the Sun. Earlier it was discovered several other black holes about the mass of which researchers still argue, so at this point it is impossible to say with certainty that new object — the smallest of all known today . However, the assumption that the most mysterious objects in the Universe can be even more mysterious probably shouldn't surprise us.
Researchers believe they have found a new kind of black hole
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