In the laboratory for the first time grown tissue of the oesophagus
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Despite the relatively high ability of our body to regenerate, with some damage to handle, we still are not able to. Therefore, the development of such areas as regenerative medicine, is extremely important. And recently a group of American researchers from the Medical center children's hospital of Cincinnati could make an important discovery: for the first time in history, failed in the laboratory to grow tissue of the esophagus.
Using stem cells, today we can grow virtually any organs and tissues, but the trachea in this case stands alone. The fact that in the process of embryogenesis, the trachea and adjacent to her larynx develop from the same cells, so it was important to find out what exactly is responsible for the development of an organ. And, according to the edition of the journal Cell Stem Cell, this is what has been done researchers from the United States.
During a series of experiments on laboratory animals scientists observed which genes turn on and off during embryonic development. It turned out that the main role in development of the trachea and esophagus belongs to the Sox2 gene. If enabled, from stem progenitor cells are formed the tissues of the esophagus, and if it's off – cells of the trachea.
Next, by repeating the experiment on the cell structure, affecting the stem cell gene Sox2, managed not only to grow cells of the esophagus, but "augment" it to a length of 800 micrometers. Moreover, when comparing the biopsy specimens artificially created body and the "original" at the cellular level between them it made no difference. According to the authors, a new technology has very good prospects
"the New authorities will not only help to understand how there are different congenital defects of the esophagus, but also give the ability to grow cell cultures and tissues for transplant."
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