Bacteria have found a new kind of memory
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Bacteria, despite its fairly simple device, causing a lot of troubles to the person. For example, so unloved doctors Pseudomonas aeruginosa pseudomonas aeruginosa is a very dangerous source of nosocomial infections because of its high resistance to antibiotics, recently gave a new surprise. A group of scientists from the University of California at Los Angeles found that these bacteria are more dangerous than we thought.
As you know, Pseudomonas aeruginosa is able to form biofilm that protects them from external influences. In addition, these microorganisms are distinguished by a high degree of activity. Due to the special chemical reactions and the ability to transmit signals, the colony may decide to coordinate their behavior with each other and transmit information on the harmful effects of other bacteria to those "time to prepare".
A Group of researchers under the direction of Dr. Gerard Wong, studying the formation process of biofilm, discovered the ability of some representatives of the colonies to "remember" the process. The fact that at the initial stage of formation of the film (which lasts about 20 hours), the bacterial cells are poorly retained on the surface of the film and attached to it. About 95% of the cells retained no longer than 30 seconds, which slows signal transmission between cells of a colony. However, this applies only to the new colony. When the scientists took bacteria that live on the formed film, and transplanted to new sterile surface, they were consolidated and formed the film several times faster, as if they "remember" their previous experience.
"We noted the coordinated vibrations between the number of signaling molecules in cells and the activity of the motile protein structures on their surface. These have been seen in later generations as a new form of "memory". It plays a key role in reducing their mobility and irreversible attachment to the substratum, biofilm formation and the transmission of information".
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