Obtained a detailed picture of the magnetic field of the milky Way
Source:
milky way Galaxy
Our has its own magnetic field and it is very different from the Earth's magnetic field so much weaker than him. The study of magnetic fields in our galaxy will help to learn more about star formation, cosmic rays and many other astrophysical processes. A team of astronomers from the University of Certina in Australia and (the State Association scientific and applied research) exploring the magnetic field of the milky way. The result of their joint work was the most comprehensive catalog of measurements of the magnetic field of the milky way in 3D. A study published in the journal .
What map the magnetic field of the milky Way can tell us about our galaxy?
The Team worked with the LOFAR radio interferometer or developed by the Netherlands Institute for ASTRON. LOFAR operates at radio frequencies below 250 MHz and consists of a plurality of antennas located in Europe. The researchers collected the largest catalog of magnetic field intensity and direction to the pulsars. In the course of work the astronomers used the pulsars for effectively sensing the magnetic field of the galaxy in 3D. The fact that pulsars are distributed throughout , and the intermediate material in the galaxy affects their radiowave radiation.
the Magnetic field of the milky Way looks like this
Because of the pulsar radio waves pass through the galaxy, due to the interference of free electrons they are prone to an effect called dispersion. This means that high-frequency radio waves reach earlier than low frequency. The information the astronomers were able to measure the difference, called the "dispersion measure", or DM. DM according to researchers the number of free electrons between us and . If DM is higher, it means that either the pulsar is on, or the interstellar medium is more dense. The researchers then estimated the average magnetic field of the milky Way in the direction of each pulsar in the catalog. The magnetic field of the galaxy affects all types of astrophysical processes. It forms the path followed by cosmic rays. So when astronomers study the distant source of cosmic rays, for example, active galactic nucleus, understanding the strength of the magnetic field can help them to understand the object of study. The magnetic field of the galaxy also plays a role in the formation of stars. Although the effect is not well understood, the strength of the magnetic field may affect the molecular clouds.
it looks like the SKA in the representation of the artist
The Catalog is based on observations of 137 pulsars in the Northern hemisphere. However, at this point the work cannot be regarded as completed. In the future, to Supplement the map of the magnetic field of the milky Way will be using the largest radio telescope on earth the Square Kilometer Array (SKA), which is currently under development. SKA will be located both in Australia and in South Africa. Thanks SKA researchers will be able to obtain images with the highest resolution. One of the long term goals of the SKA is working to revolutionize our understanding of galaxies, including the creation of detailed maps of the structure and especially its magnetic field.
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