Scientists have discovered the brightest explosions in the Universe
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the assumptions of the researcher about the gamma ray bursts received confirmation
For none of us it is no secret that the space is constantly there are different events. Recently, scientists have discovered the brightest light in the Universe, which appeared in two great cosmic explosions, called gamma ray bursts. Recall that — it is short flashes of the most energetic forms of light in the Universe. To capture the flow of ultra-high-energy astronomers had to act quickly. They managed to send telescopes to the explosion in just over 50 seconds after the NASA satellites have discovered it. However, exactly how gamma-ray bursts produce high energy light remains a mystery. Astronomers hope that the results of a new study published in the journal will help to find answers to these difficult questions.
Gamma-ray bursts — yet another mystery of the Universe
Two strong explosions in galaxies billions of light-years from Earth have recently become the reason for the brightest flash light in the Universe. The first wave telescopes recorded in July 2018. The second outburst was detected in January, and the light burst contained about 100 billion times more energy than the light that a man could look. GRBS appear without warning and last only a few seconds, so the astronomers had to act quickly. Just 50 seconds after the companions notice of the January explosion, telescopes on Earth turned to catch the flow of thousands of light particles. The fact that we managed to register the professionals, it's light with the highest energy ever detected with the gamma ray burst. The results obtained have studied more than 300 scientists worldwide, as the researchers report in .
Gamma-ray bursts almost every day without warning and last only a few seconds. Still, the explosions of high energy remains for scientists a riddle. Astronomers believe that they come from colliding neutron stars or from supernova — events in which the stars run out of fuel, it is subjected to its own gravity and quanta collapse into the dark black holes. Gamma-ray bursts — this is the most powerful known in the Universe, and they typically emit more energy in a few seconds than our Sun will in its entire life. They can Shine through almost the entire visible Universe. Interesting is the fact that after a brief intense eruptions of gamma rays followed by hours or days of afterglow. So, telescopes have observed low-energy rays that come from the initial explosion and the afterglow. Much of what researchers have learned about gamma-ray bursts over the last couple of decades, was obtained by observation of their afterglow at lower energies. However, in the past scientists could not detect light to ultra-high energies.
Time for 50 seconds.
On 14 January two satellites NASA discovered explosions in the galaxy at a distance of more than 4 billion light-years. Within 22 seconds, these space telescopes — the telescope of the Observatory. Neil Gerela and the Space telescope gamma-ray emission Fermi — gave the coordinates of the burst, astronomers all over the Earth. Within 27 seconds of receiving the coordinates astronomers in the Canary Islands turned two Cherenkov telescope (MAGIC) at the specified coordinates. For the next 20 minutes, the photons literally filled telescopes, which led to new discoveries about some of the most elusive properties of gamma-ray bursts.
Gamma-ray bursts were discovered in stages
The Photons detected by the gamma-ray burst six months earlier, in July 2018, were not as vigorous and numerous as from the January explosion. However, thanks to the previous observations, the researchers concluded that the high-energy stream of light appeared 10 hours after the initial explosion and the afterglow lasted another two hours. In the new work, the astronomers suggested that the electrons could scatter the photons, increasing their energy. Scientists have long suspected that the scattering of photons was one of the ways by which gamma-ray bursts generated so much light in the microwave phase of the afterglow, but now, the assumptions of experts are confirmed by the observations. In the future, scientists expect to get more information about gamma-ray bursts.
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