What kind of fabric is better to sew a face mask?
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In recent years, many began to sew medical mask
Pandemic coronavirus turned everything so that the most popular products in the world steel PPE – antiseptics for hands, disposable gloves, and protective face masks. Now they sell them in all stores, in the subway, on the street, they exchange their countries, sending the entire multi-ton cargo planes. For some time there has been a strong shortage of masks and respirators, which caused a serious rise in prices. And many began to produce protective masks, which though not intended for use in a medical facility, but still able to help when in crowded places. But what material is best suited for the manufacture of medical masks with his own hands?
To find out, American scientists have tested more than 70 combinations of different fabrics and materials, to learn how the material flows virus-like particles. To do this, they developed an installation that acted in the role of "man" — she simulated the pressure and velocity of air flow, as in normal breathing, while spraying aerosol particles that mimic the virus particles. To make the particles easier to see in the future, under the microscope, they were stained with the dye.
What material does not let viruses
A Compressor pumped air into the chamber with a spray aerosol, and then the air through the narrow passage rushed into a wide chamber. So the particles are evenly distributed in the system. At the end of the camera placed, the test material which was placed a glass plate, which collected the particles that passed through the fabric. With a microscope and glass plates the scientists looked at how the material flows of particles and measured the quantity of nanoparticles deposited on the glass plate.
diagram of the experimental setup. The air pumped by the compressor, filled with aerosol particles and it turns out on fabric
The result of the test were the most common materials — from jeans and cotton fabrics based on polypropylene, polyester, and polyaramide. At first, scientists tested pieces of material one at a time, and then studied their throughput properties in "multi" mode by placing a few pieces on top of each other, including combining different materials.
According to the study, best from virus-like particles protect Terry cloth, quilted cotton or flannel, with the fabric based on polypropylene, polyester, or polyaramide. They are able to not skip a majority of nanoparticles ranging in size from 10 to 200 nanometers, and, according to the researchers, cope with this task not worse medical N95 respirators, which almost correspond to classification FFP2. At the same time, FFP2 (medium protection) and FFP1 (low level of protection) . These respirators can already skip the coronavirus, but the issue is the number of viral particles. So, the mask with a low level of protection miss more particles, CoVID-19, but the majority of virus particles remain on the respirator – thereby protecting the airway.
Cloth made of polypropylene was detained most of the virus particles
The worst of the virus particles protects denim, so if you suddenly want to make a mask out of old jeans, it is better not to do it. This material flows almost in 17 times more particles than the N95 mask.
the Effectiveness of protective masks
No matter what material you choose for making masks, the main rule — it should fit snugly to the face, but in any case not to touch the lips. Otherwise, the degree of protection decreases rapidly and even if you make a mask out of cotton and polyester, but to place it is not tight, the effect is no better than he is "denim" protective masks. In addition, studies by American scientists once again prove to breathe better with the mask as little as possible — the more you breathe, the greater the number of particles penetrating through the material.
Well, in any case, keep in mind that mask, no matter how effective they are, not guarantee 100% protection from CоVID-19. And who always says that the most effective way to get SARS-CoV-2 is to wash hands thoroughly with soap and water and to comply with social distancing. So better to sit at home and read .
With regard to flu viruses, self-made masks of these materials also can reduce the risk of infection. Moreover, scientists recently found that cloth masks (medical, not homemade) is comparable in its effectiveness of N95 respirators.
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