Researchers have discovered an unknown signal in the human brain
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Neuron with an axon protruding directly from a dendrite, and not from the cell body. A long axon is called the electric period of a neuron that carries nerve impulses
For Any of us is not a secret that — the most complex and poorly understood organ of the human body. During the work, the brain uses a system of interconnected cells called that are exchanging information between themselves. In addition to electrical signals in the brain undergoes various chemical processes, which greatly complicates its study. Recently, scientists have discovered a powerful and still unknown signal in the human brain. According to a study published in the journal , found in cells of the Central nervous system mechanism may play a key role in the computational abilities of the brain.
Why are dendrites in the human brain — special?
The results of the work of researchers from Berlin's Humboldt University and their colleagues from the Institute of molecular biology and biotechnology (Greece) indicate that neurons in the human can be more powerful compute units than previously thought. In the study, researchers studied the cortical cells of the outer cortex, paying close attention to the second and third layers. It turned out that these layers contain cells with many branches called dendrites that connect them with each other and exchange information with other brain cells.
Dendrites look like
Discovered the mechanism itself produces a special signal that allows the neurons in a special order to perform a logical function. Scientists believe that this is a kind of new form of cellular interaction. So as to communicate with each other by exchanging electrical impulses and chemical elements, the signal is transferred through the membrane channels that exchange ions of potassium, sodium and chlorine. Researchers call this impulse the action potential. As it appeared that in a similar way in the human brain are triggered not previously registered brain waves — so-called calcium-mediated dendritic action potentials (dCaAP).
It Should be noted that subjects in the study involved patients with epilepsy. To ensure the reliability of the data, the researchers double-checked the results on other tissues of the cortex . However, such studies have several limitations. So, it is possible that similar processes are present in other mammals, but they are not visible in tissue samples in the laboratory.
the human Brain is still full of mysteries.
According to Gizmodo, the authors believe the work exciting. They believe that it opens new frontiers in our understanding of the brain and properties of the dendrites. Dendrites represent 95% of the surface area of pyramidal cells in the cortex, it remains "uncharted territory" in the human brain. Thus, it is possible that due to dendrites in a human brain so unique.
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