Using CRISPR for the first time managed to edit multiple genes at the same time
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On pages of our site we have repeatedly written . Technology is constantly evolving, becoming more advanced and much more effective allowing you to interact with genetic material. However had NOTICED and minus (minus is very conditional, but still). CRISPR could work with one gene at a time. And in order to change another gene, it was necessary to conduct a second operation. However, the Swiss biologists were able for the first time in the history to edit multiple genes. And this is very important for the development of the whole science in General.
What is NASA
Strictly speaking, the full name of the technology sounds like «CRISPR/Cas9». It is based on special parts of a bacterial CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short terminating in short palindromic Repeats — clustered short palindromic repeats). Between these repeats are DNA fragments. They are, roughly speaking, and serve as a reference when working CRISPR.
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And where does the Cas9? Cas9 — this CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-associated sequence). That is, they can say that will interact only with CRISPR and nothing «do not cut out the extra». In fact, we have something like «molecular scissors», who like ordinary scissors, able to cut things in only one place at a time. But how to get them at the same time?
How scientists have been able to edit multiple genes at once
According to the New edition of the Atlas with reference to the journal Nature Methods (by the way, if you want to get news from the Nuka in the first, we recommend you to subscribe to our ), a group of researchers from the Swiss higher technical school of Zurich (ETH Zurich) demonstrated that their new process of editing genes can simultaneously edit up to 25 different sites of the genome. Scientists say the new method is not necessarily limited to 25 targets, and theoretically can be increased up to hundreds of concurrent modifications of genes.
Instead of applying traditional Cas9 protein, used in most cases when working with CRISPR, this method uses far less known Cas12a. Previous studies have already shown that the enzyme Cas12a a bit more accurate in its ability to identify the target genes, but a new study shows that Cas12a can also handle shorter sections of the molecule compared to Cas9.
A Common method of working CRISPR-Cas aimed at a target in a DNA sequence using a so-called guide RNA. These RNA molecules, as scientists call them, are a sort of room signs on the houses. These «plates» and is guided CRISPR, cutting out the necessary areas. Experts from Switzerland managed to place on the DNA molecule, several «signs». Thus in one operation it is now possible to edit multiple sections.
According to scientists, the new technique will speed up the process and also allow a much more complete studying the mechanisms of formation of genetic diseases, because mutations in the genome is much more complicated than «single» changes. In the future, possibly the emergence of new methods of treatment of genetic diseases.
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