The last map of the ancient Universe restored according to the "dead" satellite
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Astronomers who work with the satellite constituting the map of the Universe, provided the final set of processed data of the project. What you see above is the newest image to the oldest visible light in the Universe microwave radiation, which reminds us about how the universe was only a few hundred thousand years after the Big Bang.
The European space Agency launched a satellite "Planck" in 2009, and the telescope have completed data collection in 2013. Scientists have released the first set of data in 2013, another in 2015 and the last "legacy" dataset last week, but he will not answer all remaining questions about the early Universe.
the"Planck" is dead, but the mission continues
In the course of his mission "Planck" measured the glow of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) with high precision. After the Big Bang, physicists believe that the universe has expanded rapidly and then began to cool, though the consequences of this expansion we are witnessing today. Light, who was born about 380 000 years after the Big Bang, when atoms started to grab the electrons that have traveled to us all the time that scientists have measured it on the Ground. Expanding universe so much stretched the waves of light that they have microwaves. This light can be seen in any direction, wherever you look, and it represents the structure of the early Universe.
The Glow of the microwave background is incredibly uniform. Although on the map it looks blue and red and speckled, these colors represent the temperature difference in tiny fractions of a degree, on average, to 2.7 degrees above absolute zero.
Why are scientists the "Plank" released this map in 2018, if the satellite has finished collecting data in 2013? Set data for 2015 was limited because the data on polarization, or the direction of the light waves, pointing perpendicular to the direction of its motion, was not of sufficiently high quality. Latest data was processed and gave scientists more confidence in the data on polarization and temperature. But many questions about polarization still remain, according to Nature.
CMB provides evidence to support current understanding of the Universe, full of dark matter and dark energy. It also supports cosmic inflation offers a way of measuring the speed at which the currently expanding universe. The last measurement of this speed, "the Hubble constant", is 67.4 km/c/MPC. This means that every 3,26 million light years separation distance (megaparsecs), the universe is expanding at 67.4 kilometers per second.
It's just a measurement "Bar", which, incidentally, is not consistent with other measurements made by the satellite "Gaia" or the space telescope "Hubble", which determines the Hubble constant at 73.5 km/s/MPC. This is an important question in physics, so scientists are looking for other confirmation of the Hubble constant.
Nature reports that scientists have moved on to other missions, but some fear that in the near future space missions dedicated to CMB, will not. Perhaps this is the end of the "Plank". But the study of the cosmic microwave background will continue.
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