Come in large numbers here! Mars is not a close neighbor of the Earth
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An international group of scientists could find the causes of the deep differences in the composition of Earth and Mars. The fact that the Red planet was not always where it is now located, but much further away from our planet in the Main asteroid belt. After its formation it moved deeper into the Solar system. This explains the strangeness in it. Their research and findings are shared in an article published in the scientific journal Earth and Planetary Science Letters.
After numerous tests of Martian soil are planted on the Red planet and the discovery and study on the Ground of meteorites of Martian origin, scientists have any questions with regards to why Mars in its composition so different from our planet. For example, the Martian silicates by the density is much inferior to terrestrial analogues. If the planets formed next to each other, in theory and composition must be very close? The remark is correct, but in practice is a very different picture.
To solve this mystery, the researchers conducted a simulation of the formation of the two planets according to the hypothesis of the Great maneuvering. Today it offers the most convincing explanation of the oddities observed in the Solar system. For example, why the mass of Venus and Earth is many times greater than Mars. According to the hypothesis, the gas giants Jupiter and Saturn during gravitational interaction with each other and with the first Sun moved closer to our sun (up to the present orbit of Mars), and then went back to their seats. As a result, they are like a vacuum cleaner cleared their gravitational forces to the area of the Main asteroid belt from the protoplanetary bodies, effectively blocking the possibility of forming there a new planet. In this process, gas giants are also partially captured by their gravitational effects and the neighborhood of the original orbit of Mars, which ultimately led to the fact that the mass of the red planet is now nine times smaller than the earth.
In some cases, the simulations showed that Mars could have formed, not where he is now, and about 1.5 times farther from the Sun – that is, somewhere in the Main asteroid belt. In this case, it would explain his smaller compared to earth's density. Due to the "gravity tractor" in the form to move through the belt of Jupiter is the most dense and heavy of the protoplanetary body was stretched in the internal boundaries of the system from there. In the end, the share at that time still young the red planet went only part of the forming of matter in the light of silicates.
Due To gravitational instability in the region from the constant festivities here and there large planets Mars eventually moved closer to the Sun. This, incidentally, may explain why the young Mars was warmer than the present, and why it could be more water than now. As you know, the asteroid belt is farther from the Sun, thus the water ice in this region evaporates under the action of sunlight much more slowly. Originally, the planet was more water in the atmosphere contained more gases. The bulk of their water supplies and gases, Mars has lost already after moved closer to the Sun. A big role was played by powerful solar winds and the lack of its own protective magnetic field around the planet.
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